The Solarbook, \u00d6kobuch Verlag, 2007<\/h3><\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.acegroup.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/12\/solarbuch2.jpg\" "\\"solarbuch\\"")
\u201cDas Solarbuch\u201c by Walter Witzel and Dieter Seifried, was received with great enthusiasm in professional circles and other interested readers. A third edition was released in 2007. The book provides the reader with an excellent overview of the development, potential uses, technical basics and applications of all renewable energy technologies. Das Solarbuch is therefore a work of reference for renewable energy.<\/p>\n
It gives insight into several different types of solar energy use and where they have been applied. It also gives an insight into what the future may be like when more of these technologies are used and applied in buildings people live and work in. Chapter 11 refers to Dr. Adil Lari\u2019s project at the settlement in Graz, Plabutsch. This chapter analyzes the technologies used in the solar settlement, how they are used and how they present a benefit towards buildings that take distance from this kind of technology.<\/p>\n
>> The Solarbook<\/a>
\n >> Solarsiedlung am Plabutsch, Graz<\/a><\/div> <\/div>\n Architecture of Daily Life, Verlag raum.kunst.graz, 2001<\/h3>
\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.acegroup.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/12\/architekturalltag1.jpg\" "\\"architekturalltag\\"")
This book shows the architecture of the 90s in Graz. One of the themes of the book was subsidized housing, as well as the themes of the architectural projects and the factor of ecological and energyoptimized constructing. Dr. Nikolaus Hellmayr has evaluated many architectural projects in Austria, has functioned as a judge in competitions and also as consultant for many architects. He also works for the University of Graz and the University of Vienna.<\/p>\nChapter 9 in the book is about Dr. Adil Lari\u2019s solar settlement in Graz. The literature focuses on the solar technology used in this building, and the strategies initiated in order to ensure the best possible utilization of this technology. One of Dr. Lari\u2019s arguments was, that 70% of energy can be saved, if the residents receive instructions how to best and most efficiently use the technologies at hand rather than to introduce costly and complicated technology. This was proven correct by an empiric study performed over a certain period of time. The building is positioned in an optimal angle to the sun, which allows for an efficient use of the sun\u2019s energy. The slight bend of the building, as well as the fact that the fa\u00e7ade of the building is made of glass allows for the sun\u2019s radiation to be funneled. Blinds offer shade and cooling in the summer. They can be programmed and controlled automatically but also operated manually. These factors (shape of the building, alignment of building, materials used for construction of building, technology like the blinds), in combination with a simple solar system for hot water generation generates the energy\u2010effect which was predicted by the architect, Dr. Lari in the beginning phases of the project. The settlement includes several green spaces, which are collectively used, rather than as private garden spaces.<\/p>\n
>> Architecture of Daily Life: Wohnbau der Neunziger Jahre in der Steiermark <\/a>
\n >> Solarsiedlung am Plabutsch, Graz<\/a>
\n<\/div> <\/div>\n Centres Commerciaux, Editions Le Moniteur, 2007<\/h3><\/p>\n![\"25](\"https:\/\/www.acegroup.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/12\/centres1.jpg\" "\\"centres\\"")
The French publisher, Le Moniteur, D\u00e9partement Architecture is the leading company publishing articles, books, etc. with the topic architecture in France and is accredited and influential across Europe. The Publisher Group Monituer has existed for almost a century and makes it its mission to present qualitatively excellent information and the latest news. They have newspapers, magazines and publish books on the topics of fashion, architecture, interior design, but also news. The division of the company publishing this book is the D\u00e9partement Architecture, which works on publications about architecture. The author Carol Maillard is an architect herself and her journalism is committed to this field. She lives in Paris as a freelance journalist, writing for several French publishers beside Le Moniteur, for an example \u201cLe Cashiers\u201d.<\/p>\n
The book is about European buildings that were renovated and now serve as commercial centers. It contains 25 state\u2010of\u2010the\u2010art projects all over Europe. The projects are all excellent examples for wellthought through and carried out architectural designs. All of the buildings in the book are famous buildings in the regions they are situated in. It includes an article about Dr. Lari\u2019s work on the old gas tank, the \u201cGasometer\u201d, where he was responsible for the recreation of the A Hall. This hall serves as first impression the visitor gets when leaving the subway\u2010area. It is also the point to access the other three gasometers. This book focuses on the aspect of the commercial center in the building. The building offers space for various shops or cafes. The Gasometer is something that is well known around Vienna, and almost every Viennese has already been there at least once. Other functions, next to the commercial one are incorporated into the building as well. It serves as office space, includes apartments and parking space. The appearance of the building is that of a huge glass dome. In fact, the design incorporates a lot of glass, but also iron, which helps conserve the original industrial look the building, built in 1899, displays. The apartments and office spaces are located in the upper stories of the building. The glass dome which is the ceiling of the building, transfers natural light into all levels of the building, including the commercial spaces inhabited by shops and cafes. The utilization of this site combines historical and contemporary architecture.<\/p>\n
>> 25 centres commerciaux<\/a>
\n>> Gasometer A Mall<\/a>
\n<\/div> <\/div>\n Architecture Report, St\u00e4dteverlag MBR GmbH, 2002<\/h3><\/p>\n![\"Architektur](\"https:\/\/www.acegroup.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/12\/architekturreport.jpg\" "\\"architekturreport\\"")
The media in which this publication is published is the \u201cArchitektur Report\u201d, meaning \u201carchitecture report\u201d. It is a yearbook of larger architectural projects, which has been published for over five years. The target group are; homebuilding industries, architects, engineers, main contractors, public institutions, as well as craftspeople and contracting companies and entities interested in building. The report is published in the form of a hardback book and can be found in various libraries. It includes a mercantile directory, listing all the companies that have worked on projects in the report. This directory also serves as directory for finding companies to invite to tenders, since the report serves as a very good reference. The publisher is the \u201cSt\u00e4dteverlag MBR GmbH\u201d. This published produces mainly books on architecture. The \u201cArchitektur Report\u201d is their main publication, of which they produce special issues regularly if there are extraordinary or special innovations or happenings in the current events of Austrian architecture.<\/p>\n
The report of 2002 presents two of Dr. Adil Lari\u2019s projects. The first is the Gasometer A Mall in Vienna. This is one of four old gas tanks, which have been restructured as office and apartment buildings The A Mall is the first of the four and can be accessed directly from the metro and also serves as the entrance to the other three. The lower three stories of this building were to be structured as commercial space with entertainment facilities and the upper stories were to be structured as office and living spaces. The second of Dr. Adil Lari\u2019s projects the Architecture Report for 2002 presents is the Oiwanatti Office Center in Amman, Jordan. This building was nominated for an award. The area in which the building was constructed, is going rapidly changing into a modern part of the city with hotels and office buildings. This aspect had to be considered during the design process of the project. The result is a multifunctional office building which can be in use 24 hours a day. Thanks to thorough planning and design, the energy used for cooling is reduced by two thirds from other buildings of this sort. Another achievement regarding this project is the integration of local traditions and a development impetus.<\/p>\n
>> Gasometer A Mall<\/a>
\n>> Owainati Office Center<\/a>
\n<\/div> <\/div>\n <\/p>\n
Daily Newspapers<\/h2>\n Where Ecology and Financial Aid Get Along, 1999<\/h3><\/p>\n![\"Standard](\"https:\/\/www.acegroup.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/12\/standardoeko1999.jpg\" "\\"standardoeko1999\\"")
This article about Dr. Lari\u2019s solar housing project Plabutsch was published in the Austrian newspaper Der Standard. This newspaper is the leading newspaper among educated readers (college or university
\neducation). In Austria 352.000 people read it regularly. This daily newspaper was founded in 1988 and has since established itself as one of Austria\u2019s leading newspapers. It reports on al topics, though many readers consider it emphasize politics and finance. The edition of Saturday\/Sunday, November 27.\/28., 1999 published an article about Dr. Lari\u2019s solar housing development project in their domestic architecture section. Maria Nievoll, an accredited Austrian journalist and architect authored this article.<\/p>\n
The article describes Dr. Lari\u2019s project and its benefits in terms of energy efficiency. Dr. Lari\u2019s solar housing development Plabutsch is simple in its construction and principles, but has become a prototype building for setting a new standard in terms of green building. Its green roof and the positioning of the building near a group of trees integrate the building into the hill. The apartment complex consists of three units with 14 apartments each, which are connected through staircases. The positioning in the second third of the hill allows for optimum use of the preconditions of the surroundings, because this is the part of the hill\u2019s slope which has the highest temperatures at night. The building is additionally protected from wind and resulting loss of heat by the hill and the group of trees. One of the main components for optimizing of energy is the glass fa\u00e7ade. Dr. Lari designed the building facing southwards mainly. Shading is created with sun blinds which can be programmed to function automatically but also operated manually. Energy is also saved in terms of warm water production, because a solar facility which generates hot water. Rain water is collected and the design of the garages does not require additional lighting or ventilation. Because of all the measures, this building requires only 32 kWh\/m2a energy for heating, in comparison to other conventional new
\nbuildings require150\u2010200 kWh\/m2a.<\/p>\n
Article PDF<\/a><\/p>\n >> Solarsiedlung am Plabutsch, Graz<\/a>
\n<\/div> <\/div>\n Wirtschaftsblatt:Panel Buildings Can Become Masters in Saving Energy, 2002<\/h3><\/p>\n![\"Plattenbauten](\"https:\/\/www.acegroup.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/12\/plattenbauten2002.jpg\" "\\"plattenbauten2002\\"")
<\/a>The \u201cWirtschaftsblatt\u201d is Austria\u2019s leading economic newspaper. In the first half of 2008 it counted a
\nprint run of 25.336 copies and was read by 90.000 people. On February 19th, 2002, the cover story of the category \u201cCompanies and Markets\u201d was an article about Dr. Adil Lari and his work on the rehabilitation of slab buildings in Brno.<\/p>\nThe article\u2019s topic is the economic potential for the Austrian companies working on this project. Dr. Adil Lari and two other architects developed three models to decrease the level of energy used, each with a different level of incorporation of the residents of these slab buildings. The article cites Dr. Lari\u2019s statement that the high level of standardization of concrete slab buildings allows for serial rehabilitation of these all over Eastern Europe. The University of Technology of Graz presented a calculation which allows the level of energy used annually to be reduced from 420 to 23 kW\/m2. This goal shall be reached by means of thermal insulation, the installation of insulated windows, projection of winter gardens, and the utilization of the southern fa\u00e7ade for the production of warm water. The article also cites Lari\u2019s statement of the high potential of the market (e.g. 2,4 billion square meters of slab buildings
\nin the Ukraine). For Eastern Europe, success of the project would have a big impact. In the Czech Republic, for instance, 20% of the income is invested in energy.<\/p>\n
Article PDF<\/a>
\n<\/div> <\/div>\n Kleine Zeitung: The Sun Rises in the Center of the Hill, 1999<\/h3><\/p>\n![\"Kleine](\"https:\/\/www.acegroup.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/12\/kleinezeitung1999.jpg\" "\\"kleinezeitung1999\\"")
<\/a>This article about Dr. Lari\u2019s solar housing project Plabutsch was published in the Austrian newspaper Kleine Zeitung. This newspaper is based in Styria. The edition of Friday, April 30th, 1999 published an article about Dr. Lari\u2019s project Solar Housing Development Plabutsch and and interview with him about this project. The article is authored by Daniela Blachal. She is a freelance journalist writing for several newspapers and magazine while her focus lies primarily with architecture.<\/p>\nLow\u2010energy\u2010houses can also be realized in subsidized buildings. The building is positioned on the Plabutsch in a way that makes a maximum use of the sun\u2019s radiation and possibilities for heat storage. The achievements in saving of energy used for heating amounts up to 70% of the rates conventional new buildings require. Old buildings show figures between 300 and 400 kWh\/m2a. Dr. Lari\u2019s apartment complex is a milestone in Europe regarding green building. What makes this project unique is that these extraordinary achievements were made without the use of complex, complicated and expensive high tech equipment and under the terms and conditions that are applicable to subsidized housing. Simple elements like the optimum positioning of the building on the warmest part of the hill\u2019s slope, the glass fa\u00e7ade, the automatic sun blinds and the garages that require neither electric lighting nor additional ventilation were the key to achieving this efficiency in energy alongside allowed for an inexpensive in construction but energy efficient building. The newspaper edition also contains a short interview with Dr. Lari. The main focus of this interview is the energy efficiency of his project and the reasons for it. Dr. Lari is asked and answers that the 32 kWh\/m2a use of heating energy are not the ideal case, because this calculation is based on figures an empty house has. When full, the figure can shrink to as little as 12 kWh\/m2a. When asked, Dr. Lari answers that the positioning of the building is not the prime factor that leads to the high achievements in energy efficiency, but the behavior of the end\u2010user. Incorrect behavior can lead to a rise of 70%.<\/p>\n
Article PDF<\/a><\/p>\nSolarsiedlung am Plabutsch, Graz<\/a>
\n<\/div> <\/div>\n <\/p>\n
Professional Journals<\/h2>\n Wohnen Plus, Oktober 2009<\/h3>
\n![\"Wohnen](\"https:\/\/www.acegroup.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/12\/wohnenplus.jpg\" "\\"wohnenplus\\"")
<\/a>The journal \u201cWohnen Plus\u201d is a supplement of the Austrian daily newspaper Der Standard. Issue No. 4\/2009 focuses on the topic of sustainable building and includes an article on the solar housing community Plabutsch in Graz-Eggenberg to mark its 10th<\/sup> anniversary. The solar housing community Plabutsch benefits from being situated on a mountain slope. The energy concept for the multi-storey housing complex is based on the use of solar and geothermal energy, for which the mountain massif serves as storage mass. Considered an exemplar for energy optimized construction, the building was handed over to the residents in 1998.<\/p>\nArtikel PDF<\/a>
\n<\/div> <\/div>\n Konstruktiv: Five nominations and one appreciation, No 228\/2001<\/h3><\/p>\n![\"Konstruktiv](\"https:\/\/www.acegroup.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/12\/konstruktiv2002.jpg\" "\\"konstruktiv2002\\"")
<\/a>The professional magazine \u201cKonstruktiv\u201d is widely acclaimed among architects and engineers in Austria, as it is published by the Ministry of Architects and Engineering Consultants. The issue from January\/February 2002 focuses on sustainable architecture
\nand new markets in Eastern Europe.<\/p>\nIn the article by Mag. Gisela Gary she describes five projects of nominees of the Austrian State Prize for Consulting as well as one honoring. Dr. Lari\u2019s project the hotel \u201cHoliday Inn\u201d in Amman, Jordan, is among them. This hotel distinguishes itself from similar projects because of its special building technology, taking into account the size of the building lot of 26.800 m\u00b2, and a special heating regulation system, which decreases the overall heat consumption considerably in comparison to other buildings.<\/p>\n
Artikel PDF<\/a>
\nGasometer Mall A<\/a>
\n<\/div> <\/div>\n Die Sonnenzeitung: Sonnige Aussichten , No 2\/2000<\/h3><\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.acegroup.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/12\/sonnenzeitung.jpg\" "\\"sonnenzeitung\\"")
<\/a>Die \u201cSonnenzeitung\u201d hat es zu ihrer Mission gemacht Information \u00fcber nachhaltige und erneuerbare Energien zu verbreiten. Sie bietet Informationen \u00fcber erneuerbare Energien und Solar-Energie, um die Themen publik zu machen und die Umwelt zu erhalten.In No. 22 bieten sie einen umfangreichen Artikel \u00fcber Dr. Lari\u00b4s Arbeit an der Solarsiedlung Plabutsch, die mit Preisen ausgezeichnet wurde.<\/p>\nArtikel PDF<\/a>
\nSolarsiedlung am Plabutsch, Graz<\/a>
\n<\/div> <\/div>\n <\/p>\n
Scientific Surveys<\/h2>\n Living-Quality for Women and Men in Three Building Complexes in Graz \u2013 Neue Heimat & Stadt Graz, 2002<\/h3>This survey was assigned to the Institute of Landscape design of the University of Vienna by the Austrian organization \u201cNeue Heimat\u201d. \u201cNeue Heimat\u201d is domestic housing organization that functions of owner administration of subsidized housing projects. It has been in business for half a century and administers approximately 33.000 units all over Austria The authors of this survey are all members of the universities of Austria and ensured a scientific approach and the professionalism of this survey. They are all accredited experts in the fields of architecture, construction or energy. The head of the team conducting the survey is Gerda Schneider; she is the head of the institute for landscape design at the University of Vienna. She functions as a member or consultant in several scientific bodies, such as the Institute for Urban Development and Regional Development in Germany. Several of her articles have been published in scientific publications.<\/p>\nThis is a survey about Dr. Lari\u2019s work in Graz. The land on which the project was built is in the shape of a square. The relevant chapters are the ones titled \u201cBergstrasse\u201d, which is the address of the solar settlement Plabutsch. The technologies used inside the building are of an environmentally sustainable nature. The buildings contain in total 42 apartments, which are divided up into six segments each housing seven apartments. The area on which the building is standing is pleasant with anything needed for everyday life. You can finds within walking distance. There are even two hospitals, a doctor and a pharmacy. The way to the center of the town can be taken via the tramway in 15 minutes.
\nThe intention of the survey is to assess the energy needs of the building with regards to potentials in saving energy as well as how far the level of comfort is affected by energy saving measures.<\/p>\n
Study PDF<\/a><\/p>\nSolarsiedlung am Plabutsch, Graz<\/a>
\n<\/div> <\/div>\n Analysis User-Behavior<\/h3>This publication is authored by several members of the University of Vienna. They are all experts in the fields of construction and energy; working at either the Institute of Energy Management or the Institute of Structural Engineering. Head of the Team is the Head of the Institute for Structural Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, Karin Stieldorf. The contracting body of this publication was the Austrian Federal Ministry for Traffic, Innovation and Technology, whereas the contractor is the University of Technology in Vienna. This survey is also part of the program \u201cSustainable Development\u201d, which is under the patronage of the Government. It is also part of the Government initiative \u201cHaus der Zunkunft\u201d (Building of Tomorrow).<\/p>\nThis publication is a survey about the behavior of energy consumers in specific types of buildings. These buildings serve as Demonstration items when discussing the different variations of energy consumption. Pages 76 to 83 refer to Dr. Lari\u2019s work which analyze the consumption behavior of the residents of the settlement in Graz, Plabutsch whose apartments were equipped with appliances that measure the consumption of energy as well as where energy is lost. The most primary form in which energy consumption is analyzed in this survey is heating. The survey is part of the overall program \u201cSustainable Economy\u201d and is one aspect of the program segment titled \u201cHouse of the Future\u201d. Subject of this survey were 40 households in 12 low\u2010energy or passive houses. These 12 houses were selected geographically scattered, in order to ensure that aspects, such as technologies used, the type of the buildings and the structure of the owners or residents. The survey can be split into three parts, where the first element consists of simulation\u2010calculations using the project package Euro WAEBED in order to obtain calculations of the heating and the actual demand. The second part of the project is about qualitative questioning regarding consumer\u2010behavior and aspects such as the motives for moving into these apartments, for building these types of houses, how satisfied the consumers are with the technological appliances which control heating and energy consumption. The third part of the project consists of comparisons between the different projects.<\/p>\n
Detailed information about the publication and scientific work<\/a><\/p>\nAnalyse PDF<\/a><\/p>\nSolar Housing Plabutsch, Graz<\/a>
\n<\/div> <\/div>\n <\/p>\n
Scientific Research projects<\/h2>\n User Friendly Heating and Ventilation Systems for Low Energy and Passivehouses, 2004<\/h3>This publication was authored by several members of the Austrian Universities and other leading scientific institutions dealing with the issue of energy and efficient use of energy. Head of the authorteam is Ao.Univ. \u2013Prof. Dipl. Ing. Dr. Techn. Wolfgang Streicher. The publication is a survey as part of the government initiative \u201cSustainable Development\u201d. The initiative is under the patronage of the Federal Ministry for Traffic, Innovation and Technology.<\/p>\nMotivation<\/strong>
\nThe energy demand of new buildings has been decreased significantly during the last 25 years. This is due to the development of new building materials and building technology. Whereas 10 years ago common windows had a U-value of 3 W\/(m\u00b2K) today\u2019s U-values are half of this at the same price. Similar developments have been achieved for other building materials which results in a specific energy demand of only one sixth (50 kWh\/m\u00b2a) of today\u2019s buildings compared to buildings 30 years ago without additional costs. With little higher investment cost the energy demand can be decreased even further. Low energy buildings (or passivehouses) have different demands for the heating systems than conventional buildings. This research project deals with these demands and an analysis of various heating systems with respect to end-use and primary energy demand, greenhouse relevant emissions, heat delivery costs (including capital costs) and qualitative criteria.<\/p>\nContent<\/strong>
\nFollowing a general introduction two passivehouses which were energetically monitored within the EC-project CEPHEUS were simulated in TRNSYS. The results were compared to the measurements and a sensitivity analysis of various parameters for the simulation compared to the measured room temperature course was undertaken.<\/p>\nA set of user behaviour patterns (ventilation, room temperature, presence, internal gains ..) was developed using a questionnaire in 53 apartments of low-energy multi family buildings, the measurements in the EC-project CEPHEUS, and an additional literature research. Using these data two reference multi family buildings, insulated according to passivehouse criteria, were set up for the simulation.<\/p>\n
Following this, nine different heating systems for such buildings (4 air heating and 5 water heating systems) with the heat sources decentralized air\/air\/water heat pump, central ground coupled heat pump, central pellets or gas burner, and decentralized pellets or tiled stove were described and qualitatively analyzed. Four out of these systems (decentralized air\/air\/water heat pump, centralized ground coupled brine\/water heat pump, centralized gas- and pellets burner, all centralized systems using two-pipe heat distribution systems) were simulated in detail using the simulation tool TRNSYS. They were compared according to end-use and primary energy demand, CO2-equivalent emissions, heat delivery costs (including capital costs), and their sensitivity for changing user behaviour.<\/p>\n
Additionally a sociological analysis using questionnaires and additional literature review was undertaken to evaluate the user demand and user acceptance for the various heating and heat delivery systems. Aims of the project The main goal was the development of a comprehensive evaluation method for heating systems for buildings insulated according to passivehouse criteria.<\/p>\n
Methods used in the study<\/strong>
\nQuestionnaire, measurements and literature review; evaluation using statistical methods, set up and use of
\nsimulation models using the tool TRNSYS.<\/p>\nDetailed information about the publication and scientific work<\/a><\/p>\nSolar Housing Plabutsch, Graz<\/a>
\n<\/div> <\/div>\n Solar Supported Low Energy Houses; an Interim Result, 2000<\/h3>This publication is about low\u2010energy houses using solar technology. The authors are Karin Stieldorf an Irene Pollak. Both are accredited experts in the fields of ecology, architecture and design. Several scientists or institutions \/ organizations, including the Fraunhofer Institute cite this publication. The Fraunhofer Institute is one Germany\u2019s leading scientific associations. They have declared it their mission to transform scientific findings into useful innovation. Thus, it helps to further economic growth, structural evolution and full employment.<\/p>\nThis publication by Stieldorf and Pollak deals with low\u2010energy\u2010housing supported by the use of solar technologies. The idea and concept has been present for some time now and the two authors have made it their objective in this publication, to assess how this concept has developed; what advantages and disadvantages it has brought, how widely it is accepted and used, what problems occur, etc. Architects\u2019 interest in the use of solar energy in combination with an energy\u2010saving construction method has increased significantly. By means of simulation and analysis of solar\u2010supported low\u2010energy\u2010houses, it has for the first time been made possible to compare the thermal behavior of building in summer and winter and, thus, make clear statements about their thermal quality. This method has been applied to a representative number of buildings. During this experiment, the sample buildings were chosen with special attention to their ability to serve as an example.<\/p>\n
Detailed information about the publication and scientific work (German Only)<\/a><\/p>\n
\u201cDas Solarbuch\u201c by Walter Witzel and Dieter Seifried, was received with great enthusiasm in professional circles and other interested readers. A third edition was released in 2007. The book provides the reader with an excellent overview of the development, potential uses, technical basics and applications of all renewable energy technologies. Das Solarbuch is therefore a work of reference for renewable energy.<\/p>\n
It gives insight into several different types of solar energy use and where they have been applied. It also gives an insight into what the future may be like when more of these technologies are used and applied in buildings people live and work in. Chapter 11 refers to Dr. Adil Lari\u2019s project at the settlement in Graz, Plabutsch. This chapter analyzes the technologies used in the solar settlement, how they are used and how they present a benefit towards buildings that take distance from this kind of technology.<\/p>\n
>> The Solarbook<\/a> Chapter 9 in the book is about Dr. Adil Lari\u2019s solar settlement in Graz. The literature focuses on the solar technology used in this building, and the strategies initiated in order to ensure the best possible utilization of this technology. One of Dr. Lari\u2019s arguments was, that 70% of energy can be saved, if the residents receive instructions how to best and most efficiently use the technologies at hand rather than to introduce costly and complicated technology. This was proven correct by an empiric study performed over a certain period of time. The building is positioned in an optimal angle to the sun, which allows for an efficient use of the sun\u2019s energy. The slight bend of the building, as well as the fact that the fa\u00e7ade of the building is made of glass allows for the sun\u2019s radiation to be funneled. Blinds offer shade and cooling in the summer. They can be programmed and controlled automatically but also operated manually. These factors (shape of the building, alignment of building, materials used for construction of building, technology like the blinds), in combination with a simple solar system for hot water generation generates the energy\u2010effect which was predicted by the architect, Dr. Lari in the beginning phases of the project. The settlement includes several green spaces, which are collectively used, rather than as private garden spaces.<\/p>\n >> Architecture of Daily Life: Wohnbau der Neunziger Jahre in der Steiermark <\/a> The book is about European buildings that were renovated and now serve as commercial centers. It contains 25 state\u2010of\u2010the\u2010art projects all over Europe. The projects are all excellent examples for wellthought through and carried out architectural designs. All of the buildings in the book are famous buildings in the regions they are situated in. It includes an article about Dr. Lari\u2019s work on the old gas tank, the \u201cGasometer\u201d, where he was responsible for the recreation of the A Hall. This hall serves as first impression the visitor gets when leaving the subway\u2010area. It is also the point to access the other three gasometers. This book focuses on the aspect of the commercial center in the building. The building offers space for various shops or cafes. The Gasometer is something that is well known around Vienna, and almost every Viennese has already been there at least once. Other functions, next to the commercial one are incorporated into the building as well. It serves as office space, includes apartments and parking space. The appearance of the building is that of a huge glass dome. In fact, the design incorporates a lot of glass, but also iron, which helps conserve the original industrial look the building, built in 1899, displays. The apartments and office spaces are located in the upper stories of the building. The glass dome which is the ceiling of the building, transfers natural light into all levels of the building, including the commercial spaces inhabited by shops and cafes. The utilization of this site combines historical and contemporary architecture.<\/p>\n >> 25 centres commerciaux<\/a> The report of 2002 presents two of Dr. Adil Lari\u2019s projects. The first is the Gasometer A Mall in Vienna. This is one of four old gas tanks, which have been restructured as office and apartment buildings The A Mall is the first of the four and can be accessed directly from the metro and also serves as the entrance to the other three. The lower three stories of this building were to be structured as commercial space with entertainment facilities and the upper stories were to be structured as office and living spaces. The second of Dr. Adil Lari\u2019s projects the Architecture Report for 2002 presents is the Oiwanatti Office Center in Amman, Jordan. This building was nominated for an award. The area in which the building was constructed, is going rapidly changing into a modern part of the city with hotels and office buildings. This aspect had to be considered during the design process of the project. The result is a multifunctional office building which can be in use 24 hours a day. Thanks to thorough planning and design, the energy used for cooling is reduced by two thirds from other buildings of this sort. Another achievement regarding this project is the integration of local traditions and a development impetus.<\/p>\n >> Gasometer A Mall<\/a> <\/p>\n The article describes Dr. Lari\u2019s project and its benefits in terms of energy efficiency. Dr. Lari\u2019s solar housing development Plabutsch is simple in its construction and principles, but has become a prototype building for setting a new standard in terms of green building. Its green roof and the positioning of the building near a group of trees integrate the building into the hill. The apartment complex consists of three units with 14 apartments each, which are connected through staircases. The positioning in the second third of the hill allows for optimum use of the preconditions of the surroundings, because this is the part of the hill\u2019s slope which has the highest temperatures at night. The building is additionally protected from wind and resulting loss of heat by the hill and the group of trees. One of the main components for optimizing of energy is the glass fa\u00e7ade. Dr. Lari designed the building facing southwards mainly. Shading is created with sun blinds which can be programmed to function automatically but also operated manually. Energy is also saved in terms of warm water production, because a solar facility which generates hot water. Rain water is collected and the design of the garages does not require additional lighting or ventilation. Because of all the measures, this building requires only 32 kWh\/m2a energy for heating, in comparison to other conventional new Article PDF<\/a><\/p>\n >> Solarsiedlung am Plabutsch, Graz<\/a> The article\u2019s topic is the economic potential for the Austrian companies working on this project. Dr. Adil Lari and two other architects developed three models to decrease the level of energy used, each with a different level of incorporation of the residents of these slab buildings. The article cites Dr. Lari\u2019s statement that the high level of standardization of concrete slab buildings allows for serial rehabilitation of these all over Eastern Europe. The University of Technology of Graz presented a calculation which allows the level of energy used annually to be reduced from 420 to 23 kW\/m2. This goal shall be reached by means of thermal insulation, the installation of insulated windows, projection of winter gardens, and the utilization of the southern fa\u00e7ade for the production of warm water. The article also cites Lari\u2019s statement of the high potential of the market (e.g. 2,4 billion square meters of slab buildings Article PDF<\/a> Low\u2010energy\u2010houses can also be realized in subsidized buildings. The building is positioned on the Plabutsch in a way that makes a maximum use of the sun\u2019s radiation and possibilities for heat storage. The achievements in saving of energy used for heating amounts up to 70% of the rates conventional new buildings require. Old buildings show figures between 300 and 400 kWh\/m2a. Dr. Lari\u2019s apartment complex is a milestone in Europe regarding green building. What makes this project unique is that these extraordinary achievements were made without the use of complex, complicated and expensive high tech equipment and under the terms and conditions that are applicable to subsidized housing. Simple elements like the optimum positioning of the building on the warmest part of the hill\u2019s slope, the glass fa\u00e7ade, the automatic sun blinds and the garages that require neither electric lighting nor additional ventilation were the key to achieving this efficiency in energy alongside allowed for an inexpensive in construction but energy efficient building. The newspaper edition also contains a short interview with Dr. Lari. The main focus of this interview is the energy efficiency of his project and the reasons for it. Dr. Lari is asked and answers that the 32 kWh\/m2a use of heating energy are not the ideal case, because this calculation is based on figures an empty house has. When full, the figure can shrink to as little as 12 kWh\/m2a. When asked, Dr. Lari answers that the positioning of the building is not the prime factor that leads to the high achievements in energy efficiency, but the behavior of the end\u2010user. Incorrect behavior can lead to a rise of 70%.<\/p>\n Article PDF<\/a><\/p>\n Solarsiedlung am Plabutsch, Graz<\/a> <\/p>\n Artikel PDF<\/a> In the article by Mag. Gisela Gary she describes five projects of nominees of the Austrian State Prize for Consulting as well as one honoring. Dr. Lari\u2019s project the hotel \u201cHoliday Inn\u201d in Amman, Jordan, is among them. This hotel distinguishes itself from similar projects because of its special building technology, taking into account the size of the building lot of 26.800 m\u00b2, and a special heating regulation system, which decreases the overall heat consumption considerably in comparison to other buildings.<\/p>\n Artikel PDF<\/a> Artikel PDF<\/a> <\/p>\n This is a survey about Dr. Lari\u2019s work in Graz. The land on which the project was built is in the shape of a square. The relevant chapters are the ones titled \u201cBergstrasse\u201d, which is the address of the solar settlement Plabutsch. The technologies used inside the building are of an environmentally sustainable nature. The buildings contain in total 42 apartments, which are divided up into six segments each housing seven apartments. The area on which the building is standing is pleasant with anything needed for everyday life. You can finds within walking distance. There are even two hospitals, a doctor and a pharmacy. The way to the center of the town can be taken via the tramway in 15 minutes. Study PDF<\/a><\/p>\n Solarsiedlung am Plabutsch, Graz<\/a> This publication is a survey about the behavior of energy consumers in specific types of buildings. These buildings serve as Demonstration items when discussing the different variations of energy consumption. Pages 76 to 83 refer to Dr. Lari\u2019s work which analyze the consumption behavior of the residents of the settlement in Graz, Plabutsch whose apartments were equipped with appliances that measure the consumption of energy as well as where energy is lost. The most primary form in which energy consumption is analyzed in this survey is heating. The survey is part of the overall program \u201cSustainable Economy\u201d and is one aspect of the program segment titled \u201cHouse of the Future\u201d. Subject of this survey were 40 households in 12 low\u2010energy or passive houses. These 12 houses were selected geographically scattered, in order to ensure that aspects, such as technologies used, the type of the buildings and the structure of the owners or residents. The survey can be split into three parts, where the first element consists of simulation\u2010calculations using the project package Euro WAEBED in order to obtain calculations of the heating and the actual demand. The second part of the project is about qualitative questioning regarding consumer\u2010behavior and aspects such as the motives for moving into these apartments, for building these types of houses, how satisfied the consumers are with the technological appliances which control heating and energy consumption. The third part of the project consists of comparisons between the different projects.<\/p>\n Detailed information about the publication and scientific work<\/a><\/p>\n Analyse PDF<\/a><\/p>\n Solar Housing Plabutsch, Graz<\/a> <\/p>\n Motivation<\/strong> Content<\/strong> A set of user behaviour patterns (ventilation, room temperature, presence, internal gains ..) was developed using a questionnaire in 53 apartments of low-energy multi family buildings, the measurements in the EC-project CEPHEUS, and an additional literature research. Using these data two reference multi family buildings, insulated according to passivehouse criteria, were set up for the simulation.<\/p>\n Following this, nine different heating systems for such buildings (4 air heating and 5 water heating systems) with the heat sources decentralized air\/air\/water heat pump, central ground coupled heat pump, central pellets or gas burner, and decentralized pellets or tiled stove were described and qualitatively analyzed. Four out of these systems (decentralized air\/air\/water heat pump, centralized ground coupled brine\/water heat pump, centralized gas- and pellets burner, all centralized systems using two-pipe heat distribution systems) were simulated in detail using the simulation tool TRNSYS. They were compared according to end-use and primary energy demand, CO2-equivalent emissions, heat delivery costs (including capital costs), and their sensitivity for changing user behaviour.<\/p>\n Additionally a sociological analysis using questionnaires and additional literature review was undertaken to evaluate the user demand and user acceptance for the various heating and heat delivery systems. Aims of the project The main goal was the development of a comprehensive evaluation method for heating systems for buildings insulated according to passivehouse criteria.<\/p>\n Methods used in the study<\/strong> Detailed information about the publication and scientific work<\/a><\/p>\n Solar Housing Plabutsch, Graz<\/a> This publication by Stieldorf and Pollak deals with low\u2010energy\u2010housing supported by the use of solar technologies. The idea and concept has been present for some time now and the two authors have made it their objective in this publication, to assess how this concept has developed; what advantages and disadvantages it has brought, how widely it is accepted and used, what problems occur, etc. Architects\u2019 interest in the use of solar energy in combination with an energy\u2010saving construction method has increased significantly. By means of simulation and analysis of solar\u2010supported low\u2010energy\u2010houses, it has for the first time been made possible to compare the thermal behavior of building in summer and winter and, thus, make clear statements about their thermal quality. This method has been applied to a representative number of buildings. During this experiment, the sample buildings were chosen with special attention to their ability to serve as an example.<\/p>\n Detailed information about the publication and scientific work (German Only)<\/a><\/p>\n
\n >> Solarsiedlung am Plabutsch, Graz<\/a><\/div> <\/div>\n Architecture of Daily Life, Verlag raum.kunst.graz, 2001<\/h3>
\n This book shows the architecture of the 90s in Graz. One of the themes of the book was subsidized housing, as well as the themes of the architectural projects and the factor of ecological and energyoptimized constructing. Dr. Nikolaus Hellmayr has evaluated many architectural projects in Austria, has functioned as a judge in competitions and also as consultant for many architects. He also works for the University of Graz and the University of Vienna.<\/p>\n
\n >> Solarsiedlung am Plabutsch, Graz<\/a>
\n<\/div> <\/div>\nCentres Commerciaux, Editions Le Moniteur, 2007<\/h3>
The French publisher, Le Moniteur, D\u00e9partement Architecture is the leading company publishing articles, books, etc. with the topic architecture in France and is accredited and influential across Europe. The Publisher Group Monituer has existed for almost a century and makes it its mission to present qualitatively excellent information and the latest news. They have newspapers, magazines and publish books on the topics of fashion, architecture, interior design, but also news. The division of the company publishing this book is the D\u00e9partement Architecture, which works on publications about architecture. The author Carol Maillard is an architect herself and her journalism is committed to this field. She lives in Paris as a freelance journalist, writing for several French publishers beside Le Moniteur, for an example \u201cLe Cashiers\u201d.<\/p>\n
\n>> Gasometer A Mall<\/a>
\n<\/div> <\/div>\nArchitecture Report, St\u00e4dteverlag MBR GmbH, 2002<\/h3>
The media in which this publication is published is the \u201cArchitektur Report\u201d, meaning \u201carchitecture report\u201d. It is a yearbook of larger architectural projects, which has been published for over five years. The target group are; homebuilding industries, architects, engineers, main contractors, public institutions, as well as craftspeople and contracting companies and entities interested in building. The report is published in the form of a hardback book and can be found in various libraries. It includes a mercantile directory, listing all the companies that have worked on projects in the report. This directory also serves as directory for finding companies to invite to tenders, since the report serves as a very good reference. The publisher is the \u201cSt\u00e4dteverlag MBR GmbH\u201d. This published produces mainly books on architecture. The \u201cArchitektur Report\u201d is their main publication, of which they produce special issues regularly if there are extraordinary or special innovations or happenings in the current events of Austrian architecture.<\/p>\n
\n>> Owainati Office Center<\/a>
\n<\/div> <\/div>\nDaily Newspapers<\/h2>\n
Where Ecology and Financial Aid Get Along, 1999<\/h3>
This article about Dr. Lari\u2019s solar housing project Plabutsch was published in the Austrian newspaper Der Standard. This newspaper is the leading newspaper among educated readers (college or university
\neducation). In Austria 352.000 people read it regularly. This daily newspaper was founded in 1988 and has since established itself as one of Austria\u2019s leading newspapers. It reports on al topics, though many readers consider it emphasize politics and finance. The edition of Saturday\/Sunday, November 27.\/28., 1999 published an article about Dr. Lari\u2019s solar housing development project in their domestic architecture section. Maria Nievoll, an accredited Austrian journalist and architect authored this article.<\/p>\n
\nbuildings require150\u2010200 kWh\/m2a.<\/p>\n
\n<\/div> <\/div>\nWirtschaftsblatt:Panel Buildings Can Become Masters in Saving Energy, 2002<\/h3>
<\/a>The \u201cWirtschaftsblatt\u201d is Austria\u2019s leading economic newspaper. In the first half of 2008 it counted a
\nprint run of 25.336 copies and was read by 90.000 people. On February 19th, 2002, the cover story of the category \u201cCompanies and Markets\u201d was an article about Dr. Adil Lari and his work on the rehabilitation of slab buildings in Brno.<\/p>\n
\nin the Ukraine). For Eastern Europe, success of the project would have a big impact. In the Czech Republic, for instance, 20% of the income is invested in energy.<\/p>\n
\n<\/div> <\/div>\nKleine Zeitung: The Sun Rises in the Center of the Hill, 1999<\/h3>
<\/a>This article about Dr. Lari\u2019s solar housing project Plabutsch was published in the Austrian newspaper Kleine Zeitung. This newspaper is based in Styria. The edition of Friday, April 30th, 1999 published an article about Dr. Lari\u2019s project Solar Housing Development Plabutsch and and interview with him about this project. The article is authored by Daniela Blachal. She is a freelance journalist writing for several newspapers and magazine while her focus lies primarily with architecture.<\/p>\n
\n<\/div> <\/div>\nProfessional Journals<\/h2>\n
Wohnen Plus, Oktober 2009<\/h3>
\n<\/a>The journal \u201cWohnen Plus\u201d is a supplement of the Austrian daily newspaper Der Standard. Issue No. 4\/2009 focuses on the topic of sustainable building and includes an article on the solar housing community Plabutsch in Graz-Eggenberg to mark its 10th<\/sup> anniversary. The solar housing community Plabutsch benefits from being situated on a mountain slope. The energy concept for the multi-storey housing complex is based on the use of solar and geothermal energy, for which the mountain massif serves as storage mass. Considered an exemplar for energy optimized construction, the building was handed over to the residents in 1998.<\/p>\n
\n<\/div> <\/div>\nKonstruktiv: Five nominations and one appreciation, No 228\/2001<\/h3>
<\/a>The professional magazine \u201cKonstruktiv\u201d is widely acclaimed among architects and engineers in Austria, as it is published by the Ministry of Architects and Engineering Consultants. The issue from January\/February 2002 focuses on sustainable architecture
\nand new markets in Eastern Europe.<\/p>\n
\nGasometer Mall A<\/a>
\n<\/div> <\/div>\nDie Sonnenzeitung: Sonnige Aussichten , No 2\/2000<\/h3>
<\/a>Die \u201cSonnenzeitung\u201d hat es zu ihrer Mission gemacht Information \u00fcber nachhaltige und erneuerbare Energien zu verbreiten. Sie bietet Informationen \u00fcber erneuerbare Energien und Solar-Energie, um die Themen publik zu machen und die Umwelt zu erhalten.In No. 22 bieten sie einen umfangreichen Artikel \u00fcber Dr. Lari\u00b4s Arbeit an der Solarsiedlung Plabutsch, die mit Preisen ausgezeichnet wurde.<\/p>\n
\nSolarsiedlung am Plabutsch, Graz<\/a>
\n<\/div> <\/div>\nScientific Surveys<\/h2>\n
Living-Quality for Women and Men in Three Building Complexes in Graz \u2013 Neue Heimat & Stadt Graz, 2002<\/h3>
\nThe intention of the survey is to assess the energy needs of the building with regards to potentials in saving energy as well as how far the level of comfort is affected by energy saving measures.<\/p>\n
\n<\/div> <\/div>\nAnalysis User-Behavior<\/h3>
\n<\/div> <\/div>\nScientific Research projects<\/h2>\n
User Friendly Heating and Ventilation Systems for Low Energy and Passivehouses, 2004<\/h3>
\nThe energy demand of new buildings has been decreased significantly during the last 25 years. This is due to the development of new building materials and building technology. Whereas 10 years ago common windows had a U-value of 3 W\/(m\u00b2K) today\u2019s U-values are half of this at the same price. Similar developments have been achieved for other building materials which results in a specific energy demand of only one sixth (50 kWh\/m\u00b2a) of today\u2019s buildings compared to buildings 30 years ago without additional costs. With little higher investment cost the energy demand can be decreased even further. Low energy buildings (or passivehouses) have different demands for the heating systems than conventional buildings. This research project deals with these demands and an analysis of various heating systems with respect to end-use and primary energy demand, greenhouse relevant emissions, heat delivery costs (including capital costs) and qualitative criteria.<\/p>\n
\nFollowing a general introduction two passivehouses which were energetically monitored within the EC-project CEPHEUS were simulated in TRNSYS. The results were compared to the measurements and a sensitivity analysis of various parameters for the simulation compared to the measured room temperature course was undertaken.<\/p>\n
\nQuestionnaire, measurements and literature review; evaluation using statistical methods, set up and use of
\nsimulation models using the tool TRNSYS.<\/p>\n
\n<\/div> <\/div>\nSolar Supported Low Energy Houses; an Interim Result, 2000<\/h3>